Fig. 3

Expression of ERS genes in the SD group compared to the NSS and HC groups. Legend 3 Graph A Patients with SD showed significantly higher expression of BIP, PERK, CALR, and CANX than NSS patients. Graph B Patients with SD showed significantly higher expression of PERK and XBP1, and lower expression of ATF-6 and CHOP compared with healthy controls (HC). BIP expression was undetectable in the HC group; the error bars represent the upper and lower quartiles. Significance levels are represented as *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005