Fig. 3

Tofacitinib treatment increases muscle quality by present higher muscle weight, grip strength, and myofiber cross-sectional area compared to the Vehicle group. A Cumulative delta body weight showed no change during tofacitinib treatment compared to the control group. B TA muscle weight and C GA weight was higher in the tofacitinib group when compared with the vehicle group. D Fatigue represented by the endurance performance test showed an increase in both the tofacitinib and vehicle group compared to the control group. E Grip strength and F CSA of TA muscle presented increased values in the tofacitinib group compared to the vehicle group. G Representative images of muscle sections. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical analysis between groups was performed using ANOVA one-way followed by Bonferroni’s test (Delta body weight, TA weight, GA weight, myofiber CSA) and ANOVA two-way followed by Bonferroni’s test (fatigue, grip strength). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Control group n = 9; Vehicle group n = 10; Tofacitinib group n = 10